1 Samuel 17:55

Authorized King James Version

And when Saul saw David go forth against the Philistine, he said unto Abner, the captain of the host, Abner, whose son is this youth? And Abner said, As thy soul liveth, O king, I cannot tell.

Word-by-Word Analysis
#1
וְכִרְא֨וֹת
saw
to see, literally or figuratively (in numerous applications, direct and implied, transitive, intransitive and causative)
#2
שָׁא֜וּל
And when Saul
shaul, the name of an edomite and two israelites
#3
אֶת
properly, self (but generally used to point out more definitely the object of a verb or preposition, even or namely)
#4
דָּוִ֗ד
David
david, the youngest son of jesse
#5
יֹצֵא֙
go forth
to go (causatively, bring) out, in a great variety of applications, literally and figuratively, direct and proxim
#6
לִקְרַ֣את
against
an encountering, accidental, friendly or hostile (also adverbially, opposite)
#7
הַפְּלִשְׁתִּ֔י
the Philistine
a pelishtite or inhabitant of pelesheth
#8
וַיֹּ֣אמֶר
he said
to say (used with great latitude)
#9
אֶל
near, with or among; often in general, to
#10
אַבְנֵ֔ר
H74
Abner
abner, an israelite
#11
שַׂ֣ר
the captain
a head person (of any rank or class)
#12
הַצָּבָ֔א
of the host
a mass of persons (or figuratively, things), especially reg. organized for war (an army); by implication, a campaign, literally or figuratively (speci
#13
בֶּן
whose son
a son (as a builder of the family name), in the widest sense (of literal and figurative relationship, including grandson, subject, nation, quality or
#14
מִי
who? (occasionally, by a peculiar idiom, of things); also (indefinitely) whoever; often used in oblique construction with prefix or suffix
#15
זֶ֥ה
the masculine demonstrative pronoun, this or that
#16
הַנַּ֖עַר
is this youth
(concretely) a boy (as active), from the age of infancy to adolescence; by implication, a servant; also (by interch. of sex), a girl (of similar latit
#17
אַבְנֵ֔ר
H74
Abner
abner, an israelite
#18
וַיֹּ֣אמֶר
he said
to say (used with great latitude)
#19
אַבְנֵ֔ר
H74
Abner
abner, an israelite
#20
חֵֽי
liveth
alive; hence, raw (flesh); fresh (plant, water, year), strong; also (as noun, especially in the feminine singular and masculine plural) life (or livin
#21
נַפְשְׁךָ֥
As thy soul
properly, a breathing creature, i.e., animal of (abstractly) vitality; used very widely in a literal, accommodated or figurative sense (bodily or ment
#22
הַמֶּ֖לֶךְ
O king
a king
#23
אִם
I cannot
used very widely as demonstrative, lo!; interrogative, whether?; or conditional, if, although; also oh that!, when; hence, as a negative, not
#24
יָדָֽעְתִּי׃
tell
to know (properly, to ascertain by seeing); used in a great variety of senses, figuratively, literally, euphemistically and inferentially (including o

Analysis

Within the broader context of 1 Samuel, this passage highlights salvation through simile or metaphorical language. The theological weight of divine revelation connects to fundamental Christian doctrine about divine revelation, contributing to our understanding of God's nature and relationship with humanity. This verse contributes to the book's overall argument by building upon previous themes while advancing the overall message of 1 Samuel.

Historical Context

The historical context of the biblical period relevant to this book's composition provides crucial background for understanding this verse. The historical and cultural milieu of the biblical world informed the author's theological expression and the audience's understanding. The the cultural context of the biblical world would have shaped how the original audience understood divine revelation. Archaeological and historical evidence reveals Archaeological discoveries continue to illuminate the historical context of biblical texts.

Questions for Reflection

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